Efficiency Gain Potential from Ride & Car Sharing = High Cars = Underutilized Assets USA = 2.2 Cars / Household, ~20% of Households Have 3+ Cars, Cars Used ~4% of Time Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) = High Per Capita USA VMT Per Capita = 9K / +11x China (~850) / +48x India (~200) Parking Infrastructure = Lots of It ~19MM Parking Spaces in Los Angeles County (2010), +12MM since 1950 14% of Incorporated Land in Los Angeles County Allocated to Parking ~4 Estimated Parking Spots / Person in USA Energy Consumption by Light Vehicles = Significant ~500B Gallons of Fuel, Global (2014)... Source: Car utilization / penetration, VMT and energy consumption per “”Global Investment Implications of Auto 2.0”, Morgan Stanley Research (4/16); Los Angeles parking data per Mikhail Chester, Andrew Fraser, Juan Matute, Carolyn Flower and Ram Pendyala (2015) Parking Infrastructure: A Constraint on or Opportunity for Urban Redevelopment? A Study of Los Angeles Parking Supply and KPCB INTERNET TRENDS 2016 | PAGE Growth, Journal of the American Planning Association, 81:4, 268-286; parking spots / person per Stefan Heck / Stanford Precourt Institute of Energy. 154