Car Computing Evolution Since Pre-1980s = Mechanical / Electrical  Simple Processors  Computers Pre-1980s Today = Complex Analog / Mechanical Computing Used switches / wiring to route Up to 100 Electronic Control feature controls to driver Units / car... Multiple bus networks per car (CAN / LIN / FlexRay / MOST)... 1980s (to Present) Drive by Wire... CAN Bus (Integrated Network) New regulatory standards drove need to monitor emissions in Today = Smart / real time, hence central Connected Cars computer Embedded / tethered connectivity... Big Tech = New Tier 1 auto 1990s (to Present) supplier OBD (On-Board (CarPlay / Android Auto)... Diagnostics) II Monitor / report engine performance; Required in all “The Box” USA cars post-1996 Tomorrow = Computers (Brooks & Bone) Go Mobile?... 1990s-2010s Central hub / decentralized Feature-Built Computing systems? + Early Connectivity LIDAR... Automatic cruise control... Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) / Infotainment...Telematics... GPS Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) / / Mapping... 5G... Security software... rd Source: KPCB Green Investing Team, Darren Liccardo (DJI); Reilly Brennan (Stanford); Tom Denton, “Automobile Electrical and Electronics Systems, 3 Edition,” Oxford, UK: Tom Denton, 2004; Samuel DaCosta, Popular Mechanics, Techmor, US EPA, Elec-Intro.com, Autoweb, General Motors, Garmin, Evaluation Engineering, Digi-Key Electronics, Renesas, Jason Aldag and Jhaan Elker / Washington KPCB INTERNET TRENDS 2016 | PAGE Post, James Brooks / Richard Bone, Shareable 138